WASTE MANAGEMENT AND MINIMIZATION – Industrial Metabolism - Andreas Windsperger ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) INDUSTRIAL METABOLISM

1. Industrial Ecology and Sustainability 1.1 Policyand Material-related Developments 2. Basic Concepts of Industrial Ecology 2.1 The Biological Analogy 2.2 Types of Industrial Ecology 2.3 Limits of the Analogy 2.4 Shortcomings of Interlinked Systems and Strategies 3. Industrial Ecology and the relation to tools and methods 3.1 Life-cycle Approach 3.2 Material Flow Analysis 3.2.1 Draft IN-OUT Balance 3.2.2 Adjusting the Balance 3.2.3 Constructing Material-Flow-Chains 4. Examples for Applications 4.1 Material-Flow Analysis and Life-cycle Thinking 4.1.1 Assessing Waste Treatment 4.1.2 Importance of Life-cycle Aspects for Environmental Management 4.2 Examples for Industrial Ecosystems 4.2.1 Kalundborg: An Industrial Ecosystem in Denmark 4.2.2 OMV–Austria, Schwechat 4.2.3 The Houston Ship Channel 4.2.4 Material Metabolism in Companies 5. How to Achieve Industrial Ecosystems—Potential Benefits 5.1 Benefits to Industry 5.2 Benefits to the Environment 5.3 Benefits to Society 6. Conclusion Acknowledgments Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch